Resources

An energy management system (EMS) is a system of computer-aided tools used by operators of electric utility grids to monitor, control, and optimise the performance of the generation or transmission system.

Hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) simulation, or HWIL, is a technique that is used in the development and test of complex real-time embedded systems. HIL simulation provides an effective platform by adding the complexity of the plant under control to the test platform.

HoReCa (also Horeca, HORECA) is the Dutch and French languages term for the food service and hotel industries. The term is a syllabic abbreviation of the words Hotel/Restaurant/Café or Catering.

An intelligent transportation system (ITS) is an advanced application which aims to provide innovative services relating to different modes of transport and traffic management and enable users to be better informed and make safer, more coordinated, and 'smarter' use of transport networks.

A light commercial vehicle (LCV) is a commercial carrier vehicle with a gross vehicle weight of no more than 3.5 metric tons (tonnes). Qualifying light commercial vehicles include pickup trucks, vans and three-wheelers – all commercially based goods or passenger carrier vehicles. The LCV concept was created as a compact truck and is usually optimised to be tough-built, have low operating costs and powerful yet fuel efficient engines, and to be used in intra-city operations.

A Sustainable Urban Mobility Plan (SUMP) is a planning concept applied by local and regional authorities for strategic mobility planning. It encourages a shift towards more sustainable transport modes and supports the integration and balanced development of all modes. A SUMP is instrumental in solving urban transport problems and reaching local and higher-level environmental, social, and economic objectives.

Technology readiness levels (TRLs) are a method for estimating the maturity of technologies during the acquisition phase of a programme. The use of TRLs enables consistent, uniform discussions of technical maturity across different types of technology.

(1) the movement of freight vehicles whose primary purpose is to carry goods into, out of and within urban areas. (2) the delivery of consumer goods (not only by retail, but also by other sectors such as manufacturing) in city and suburban areas, including the reverse flow of used goods in terms of clean waste. (1) Source: MDS Transmodal Limited (2012) Study on Urban Freight Transport FINAL REPORT for European Commission (DG MOVE), available at: http://ec.europa.eu/transport/themes/urban/studies/doc/2012-04-urban-freight-transport.pdf (2) Source: OECD (2003):Delivering the goods - 21st century challenges to urban goods transport. OECD working group on urban freight logistics, Paris.

A zero-emissions vehicle, or ZEV, is a vehicle that never emits exhaust gas from the onboard source of power.